LINUX COMMAND PART 3

  • date 15th January, 2022 |
  • by Prwatech |
  • 0 Comments
COPY (CP) COMMAND: 
  • THIS IS USED TO COPY ANY FILE. 
   
  1. To overwrite the one file over another  file 
  Command:  
cp
    Operation:  
cp   m.txt  n.txt
    Before:   
cat > m.txt
    Hi this is Gurudatt shet from sirsi,   cureently working in prwatech.   
cat > n.txt
    this is empty text file    Output:   cat > n.txt  Hi this is Gurudatt shet from sirsi,   cureently working in prwatech.     
  1. To copy one directory content to another directory 
  Operation:  
cp   -r  lin  banglore
    Before:  cd  lin  a.txt  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt  cd  banglore  “empty”      Output:   cd  banglore  a.txt  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt   
  1. To ask permission before overwriting the file 
  Operation:   
cp  -r  new.txt  prwa.txt
    Type   yes, for giving permission             No, for not to overwriting  Before:  cat new,txt  This is the training institution.  which is located in banglore and pune.  we mainly focused on Datascience , BigData and Google cloud.      thank you    If  “yes”  Output:   This is the training institution.  which is located in banglore and pune.  we mainly focused on Datascience , BigData and Google cloud.      thank you   
  1. if you want replace but want to keep your backup file 
  Operation:  
cp   -r  new.txt  prwa.txt
    Always, (new.txt) is source  (prwa.txt) is destination    Before:  100.txt   backup.txt  corona.txt  dumy    lin    new.txt  poi       prwa.txt  banglore    delhi       layout  m.txt  n.txt    prwatech  cat   backup.txt  Hello everyone   how are you all?     
cat   100.txt
    hope everyone are fine    Output:   100.txt   backup.txt  corona.txt  dumy    lin    new.txt  poi       prwa.txt  100.txt~  banglore    delhi       layout  m.txt  n.txt    prwatech    cat   backup.txt  Hello everyone   how are you all?    cat   100.txt  Hello everyone   how are you all?    cat   100.txt~  hope everyone are fine   
  1. if you want to overwrite without any modification time 
  Operation:  
cp  -i  backup.txt  siri.txt
    Before:  cat   backup.txt  Hello everyone   how are you all?  cat    siri.txt  there is new update in your os    total 64  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 27 01:46 poi  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Dec 29 01:46 dumy  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  892 Dec 29 02:18 corona.txt  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 30 01:28 layout  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Dec 30 03:59 new.txt  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 30 06:22 delhi  drwxr-xr-x 6 user user 4096 Dec 30 07:30 prwatech  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   69 Jan  2 13:10 m.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   69 Jan  2 13:14 n.txt  drwxr-xr-x 5 user user 4096 Jan  2 13:18 lin  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Jan  2 13:19 banglore  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Jan  2 13:27 prwa.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   33 Jan  2 13:35 backup.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   23 Jan  2 13:36 100.txt~  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   33 Jan  2 13:36 100.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   31 Jan  2 13:46 siri.txt    Output:   cat  siri.txt  Hello everyone   how are you all?    total 64  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 27 01:46 poi  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Dec 29 01:46 dumy  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  892 Dec 29 02:18 corona.txt  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 30 01:28 layout  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Dec 30 03:59 new.txt  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 30 06:22 delhi  drwxr-xr-x 6 user user 4096 Dec 30 07:30 prwatech  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   69 Jan  2 13:10 m.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   69 Jan  2 13:14 n.txt  drwxr-xr-x 5 user user 4096 Jan  2 13:18 lin  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Jan  2 13:19 banglore  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Jan  2 13:27 prwa.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   33 Jan  2 13:35 siri.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   33 Jan  2 13:35 backup.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   23 Jan  2 13:36 100.txt~  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   33 Jan  2 13:36 100.txt  MOVE COMMAND: 
  • IT IS USED TO MOVE THE FILE OR DIRECTORY 
   
  1. To move the one file to another 
  Command:  
mv
      Operation:  
mv  prwa.txt   lin
        Before:  a.txt  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt    Output:   a.txt  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  prwa.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt   
  1. To rename file without changing modification time. 
    Operation:  
mv a.txt bravo.txt
      Before:  total 44  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  147 Dec 28 03:47 c.txt  drwxr-xr-x 5 user user 4096 Dec 28 04:23 r  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    0 Dec 28 04:44 l  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   22 Dec 28 06:03 m.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   47 Dec 28 23:52 n.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    8 Dec 28 23:58 b.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    8 Dec 29 01:06 a.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    2 Dec 29 01:36 p.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    2 Dec 29 01:36 r.txt  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Dec 31 01:55 Guru  drwxr-xr-x 7 user user 4096 Dec 31 04:34 Desktop  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Jan  2 13:27 prwa.txt      Output:   total 44  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  147 Dec 28 03:47 c.txt  drwxr-xr-x 5 user user 4096 Dec 28 04:23 r  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    0 Dec 28 04:44 l  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   22 Dec 28 06:03 m.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user   47 Dec 28 23:52 n.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    8 Dec 28 23:58 b.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    8 Dec 29 01:06 bravo.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    2 Dec 29 01:36 p.txt  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    2 Dec 29 01:36 r.txt  drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Dec 31 01:55 Guru  drwxr-xr-x 7 user user 4096 Dec 31 04:34 Desktop  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  146 Jan  2 13:27 prwa.txt     
  1. To move file keeping a backup(b)  of it 
  Operation:   
mv a.txt bravo.txt
    Before:  total 4  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 31 01:55 x    Output:   total 8  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user    8 Dec 29 01:06 bravo.txt  drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dec 31 01:55 x     
  1. Ask a permission before replacing or renaming the file 
Operation:   
mv –i  new.txt  n.txt
    Type   yes, for giving permission             No, for not to move    Before:  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  prwa.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt    if yes  Output:   b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  prwa.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt   
  1. Forcefully  moving the the file  
Operation:   
mv –f  a.txt bravo.txt
    Before:  b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  n.txt  prwa.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt    Output:   b.txt  c.txt  Desktop  Guru  l  m.txt  new.txt  n.txt  prwa.txt  p.txt  r  r.txt     
  1. To move one directory to another 
  Operation:   
mv delhi  lin
    Before:  user@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ ls  100.txt   backup.txt  corona.txt  dumy    lin    poi       siri.txt  100.txt~  banglore    delhi       layout  m.txt  prwatech    Output:   user@ubuntu:~/Desktop/lin$ ls  b.txt  delhi    Guru  m.txt    n.txt     p.txt  r.txt  c.txt  Desktop  l     new.txt  prwa.txt  r   
  1. to explain what has been done 
  Operation:   
mv -v layout lin
    Before:  user@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ ls  100.txt   backup.txt  corona.txt  layout  m.txt  prwatech  100.txt~  banglore    dumy        lin     poi    siri.txt  Output:   renamed 'layout' -> 'lin/layout'    user@ubuntu:~/Desktop/lin$ ls  b.txt  delhi    Guru  layout  new.txt  prwa.txt  r  c.txt  Desktop  l     m.txt   n.txt    p.txt     r.txt  HEAD COMMAND: 
  • TO DISPLAY THE FIRST PART OF THE FILE 
 
  1. To display the first 10 lines of the file. 
  Operation:  
head corona.txt
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.    Output:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.   
  1. to display  first nth lines in the file 
  Operation:   
head –n  corona.txt
    where n is number of rows you want.  Operation:   
head –5  corona.txt
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.        Output:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.     
  1. to extract middle some lines from the file 
  Operation:   
head -5 corona.txt|tail -2
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      Output:   the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.        TAIL COMMAND: 
  • TO DISPLAY THE LAST PART OF THE FILE 
 
  1. To display the last 10 lines of the file. 
Operation:   
tail corona.txt
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.    Output:   WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      teh pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.   
  1. To display  last nth lines in the file 
  Operation:  
tail –n  corona.txt
    where n is number of rows you want.  Operation:   
tail –5  corona.txt
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide but it has also caused Economic slowdowns across the globe.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.        Output:   the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.   
  1. To extract middle some lines from the file 
  Operation:   
tail -3  corona.txt|head -2
    Before:   corona Virus had caused by the deadliest pandemic of the century,  It is caused by the viru named COVID-19.  It mostly spreads from the dropliets of cough from the infected person.  the symptoms are fever, dry caughing, sore throat etc.  still there is not vaccine invented for the virus.  some of the precautionary measure would be social distancing , using mask etc      it was first detected in Wuhan , china.  WHO had annoced it as pandemic by the end of december 2020 itelf.  The virus had undergone too much of mutation.  so even if the vaccine is made for the virus, it may not work worldwide due to different straof the virus in different places.      the pandemic has not only affected the health of the people worldwide but it has also caused Economic slowdowns across the globe.  We are truely gratefull all medical and civil professionals  who are doing best to save us  from the disease  the end.      Output:   who are doing best to save us  from the disease.     

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