Python Class and Objects Tutorial
Python Class and Objects Tutorial, In this tutorial, we will learn what is class and object in python and how to create class and object in python. Here, You will also learn object methods in python, python class and object example which are helpful for any Python developers. Are you looking for the information of python class and objects tutorial or Are you dreaming to become to certified Pro Python Developer, then stop just dreaming, get your Python certification course from India’s Leading Python training institute.
As we know, Python is a object oriented language. Therefore, almost all entities in Python are objects which means the programmers will use class and objects at the time of coding.One template can be used to create an number of objects where class is a template. Do you want to know about how to create class in python and how to create object in python, then just follow the below mentioned python class and objects tutorial for Beginners from Prwatech and take advanced Python training like a Pro from today itself under 10+ years of hands-on experienced Professionals.
To get a better understanding of this concept, let’s start class and Object in Python tutorial.
What is Class and Object in Python?
Python is an object oriented programming language i. e.OOPs. Nearly everything in Python is like an object, with its properties and methods.A class is a user-defined prototype which is used to create objects.It is generic description of objects. Classes provide a resource of bundling data and functionality. New type object is created by creating new class. Each class instance has attributes those are attached to it for upholding its state. Class instances can also have methods for modifying its state defined by class.
Let’s consider we have to keep record of club members with fields name, age, position etc. Let’s say we have to track record of hundreds of members. In that case list is not efficiently used due to its limitations. For this we need lasses.
How to create Class in Python?
‘Class’ is keyword used while creating class.
Syntax:
class className:
Statement-1
.
.
Statement-n
Example
class member:
pass
lf we are creating class but not adding any statement or function then we have to use keyword ‘pass’.
Now let’s see same example with attributes
Example
class member:
club= “XYZ club”
estab = 1992
we have created a class with name ‘member’ and we declared some variables here. Now to access those variables inside ‘member’ we can use class name as follows:
class.club
class.estab
Output:
XYZ Club
1992
How to create Object in Python?
An Object is an instance of a Class.Class creates a user-defined data structure, which contains its own data elements and functions, which can be accessed and used by an instance of that class.
Syntax:
object name = className()
Example
test= member()
print(test.club)
print(test.estab)
Output:
XYZ Club
1992
The __init__() Function
All classes have ‘__init__()’ function. It is always performed when the class is being initiated.We have to use the __init__() function to assign values to object properties and other operations that are essential to do when the object is being created.
Python init function Example
class member:
def __init__(self, name, age, position):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.position=position
test = member(‘Joe’, 28, ‘officer’)
print(test.name)
print(test.age)
print(test.position)
Output:
Joe
28
officer
Python Object methods
Objects can also contain methods. Methods are functions that belong to the object.
Example
class member:
def __init__(self, name, age,position):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.position=position
deftestfun(self):
print(‘Hello my name is ‘ + self.name)
Now run this function
m1=member(‘Roger’, 45, ‘manager’)
m1.testfun()
The self Parameter
The parameter used to access variables belonging to the class is denoted by ‘self’.It is reference to the current instance of the class.
There is no any restriction to use ‘self’ word for function. We can call it with whatever name we want, but it has to be the first parameter of any function in the class.
#Use the words testobj and xyz instead of self:
class Person:
def __init__(testobj, name, age):
testobj.name = name
testobj.age = age
deffunct(xyz):
print(“Hello my name is ” + xyz.name)
p = Person(“John”, 36)
p.funct()
Python Class and Object Example
creating class ‘member’:
class member:
#totalmem = 0
def __init__(self, name, age, position):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.position=position
#totalmem += 1
defmemberInfo(self):
print(“Name of member:”, self.name)
print(“age of member:”, self.age)
print(“Position of member:”,self.position,”\n”)
# Create a list of members
m1 = member(“Martin”,50,”President”)
m2 = member(“Roger”,35,’secretary’)
m3 = member(“John”,30, “Treasurer”)
# call functions for each object
m1.memberInfo()
m2.memberInfo()
m3.memberInfo()
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